Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament:-
Song of Solomon 1:1contains the title of the book: literally, A song
of the songs (Heb., Shîr hashîrîm), which to Solomon, i.e., of which
Solomon is author. This has been understood as meaning "one of
Solomon's songs," with allusion to the 1,005 songs ( 1 Kings 4:32)
which that monarch composed. But when in Hebrew a compound idea is to
be expressed definitely, the article is prefixed to the word in the
genitive. So here not merely "a song of songs" (comp. holy of holies),
i.e., "a very excellent song," but "The song of songs," i.e., the most
excellent or surpassing song. For the question of authorship and date
of poem, see Excursus I.
Adam Clarke CommentaryE.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes:-
Introduction:
The bride's love to her spouse, Song of Solomon 1:1-5. She conffieuses
her unworthiness; desires to be directed to the flock, Song of Solomon
1:6, Song of Solomon 1:7; and she is directed to the shepherds'
tents, Song of Solomon 1:8. The bridegroom describes his bride, and
shows how he will provide for her, and how comfortably they are
accommodated, Song of Solomon 1:9-17.
Verse 1
The song of songs -
A song of peculiar excellence. See the Introduction. The rabbins
consider this superior to all songs. Ten songs, says the Tarpon, have
been sung; but this excels them all.
1.The first was sung by Adam when his sin was pardoned.
*.The second was sung by Moses and the Israelites at the Red Sea.
*.The third was sung by the Israelites when they drank of the rock in
the wilderness.
*.The fourth was sung by Moses when summoned to depart from this world.
*.The fifth was sung by Joshua when the sun and moon stood still.
*.The sixth was sung by Deborah and Barak after the defeat of Sisera.
*.The seventh was sung by Hannah when the Lord promised her a son.
*.The eighth was sung by David for all the mercies given him by God.
*.The ninth is the present, sung in the spirit of prophecy by
Solomon.10. The tenth is that which shall be sung by the children of
Israel when restored from their captivities. See the Targum.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers:-
song of songs, which is Solomon"s.Hebrew titleShir Hashshirim= Song of
Songs. In the Septuagint it isAsma Asmaton,and in the Vulgate it
isCanticum Canticorum,all with the same meaning. Figure of
speechPolyptoton(App-6), meaning the most beautiful or excellent song.
It belongs to the third division of the O.T. Canon (see App-1). The
order of the five "Megilloth"(or Scrolls) is the order of the
festivals on which they are read. The Song is read annually at the
Feast of the Passover, as Ruth is read at Pentecost; Lamentations on
9th of Ab; Ecclesiastes at the Feast of Tabernacles; and Esther at the
Feast of Purim. From the most ancient times it has formed part of the
Hebrew Canonical Scriptures. It is a poem based on the true facts of a
story which unfolds itself as it proceeds. Various interpretations
have been given of it: theliteral,theallegorical,and thetypical.The
allegorical embrace Jehovah and Israel (which was the view of the
Jewish commentators); the Roman Catholic views it of the Virgin Mary;
the Protestant commentators view it of "Christ and the Church"; the
typical view regards it as a type of Solomon"s nuptials, or as that of
Christ and the Gentiles. The allegorical view puts the coarse
flatteries and language of a seducer into the lips of "Christ", which
is inconsistent with His dignity and holiness (Compare Song of Solomon
6:4-10, Song of Solomon 6:13; Song of Solomon 7:9). It is the
language of seduction put into the mouth of Him "Who spake as never
man spake". The number of speakers forbids all the interpretations
which depend on there being onlytwo.There aresevenin all, and they can
be easily distinguished by the Structures: viz.
(1) the Shulamite;
(2) the daughters of Jerusalem;
(3) Solomon:
(4) the shepherd lover of the Shulamite;
(5) the brothers of the Shulamite;
(6) the companions of the shepherd;
(7) the inhabitants of Jerusalem. The Shulamite speaks. She has been
taken into Solomon"s tents, and soliloquizes about her beloved
(verses: Song of Solomon 1:2, Song of Solomon 1:3); she implores him
to come and rescue her ( Song of Solomon 1:4); she repels the scorn of
the court-ladies ( Song of Solomon 1:6); and implores her beloved to
tell her where she may find him ( Song of Solomon 1:7); the
court-ladies ironically reply ( Song of Solomon 1:8); meanwhile the
king comes in and commences by expressing his admiration (verses: Song
of Solomon 1:9-11).
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